Author: mxmadmin

  • Das ka Dum with Dr Bhaskar Das | It’s Republic Day tomorrow, and there are some videos on how people aren’t familiar with basic knowledge of the country. Is it really such a bad thing to be ignorant?

    Bhaskar DasHmm. So, we were referring to the Cyrus Broacha and Hindu ads that have been doing the rounds. Let’s read what Dr Bhaskar Das responds in this Republic Day eve question of Das ka Dum. Read on…

     

    If you wish to access the archives, please go to the Das Ka Dum tab on the website’s top navigation bar.

     

    Q. It’s Republic Day tomorrow, and there are some videos on how people aren’t familiar with basic knowledge of the country. But is it really such a bad thing to be ignorant?

     

    A. I don’t want to be judgmental about what is good or bad, but there is no harm in knowing the significance of some dates that are significant for a country. Perhaps our education system should take care of that. Otherwise, as we go away further from such important days for the country, the public memory might get thinner about them.

     

  • Parthasarathy ‘Maps’ Mandayam is CSO for GroupM South Asia & Amin Lakhani as CEO – Mindshare South Asia

    By Our Staff

     

    GroupM, the media investment group of WPP, has announced the appointment of Parthasarathy Mandayam (Maps) as Chief Strategy Officer – GroupM South Asia and Amin Lakhani as Chief Executive Officer – Mindshare South Asia, a position held until now by Maps.

     

    The role of GroupM Chief Strategy Officer will be to channel data, technology, consumer understanding to chart the growth and transformation agenda. Map’s appointment into the new role is part of the strategy that envisions doubling the focus with a significant shift on new-age technologies, products and offerings that require a transformation of both GroupM and client businesses. He will report to Prasanth ‘PK’ Kumar, CEO GroupM South Asia.

     

    Said Parthasarathy ‘Maps’ Mandayam: “I am extremely grateful to have such an amazing journey at GroupM. I think learning and change have always been a part of my career here. Furthermore, as our offerings become more specialised, we need to ensure synergy and seamless flow of expertise between the various players both internal, WPP and external to get the full benefits of both scale and specialisation. As I steer through this journey I will continue to push forward with the growth and transformation agenda to bring in significant synergies between new-age data, technology, consulting, products and offerings for our clients and internal stakeholders.”

     

    Added Lakhani: “We want to build on this existing momentum and drive Mindshare ‘Good Growth’ for our clients. New age data, technology, creativity, research, consulting, and products will play a major role in this journey. Our industry has always witnessed change. We’ve been at the centre of it and currently, the world is also witnessing this. Hence as marketers, we need to take charge and lead this journey for our clients and brands. I am excited for this next phase of my journey, and I would like to thank the team for believing in me.”

     

    Lakhani  will report to Prasanth Kumar, CEO GroupM South Asia and Helen McRae, CEO Mindshare Asia Pacific.

     

    Said McRae: “Both Maps and Amin are distinguished leaders who have brought energy, skill and leadership, to the Mindshare Group over the past few years in office. They have both led the agency with their invaluable expertise bringing immense value for our clients and internal teams. Mindshare’s achievements and client success journeys over the last few years narrate the business acumen of both Maps and Amin. I congratulate them both and wish them the very best for their new roles!”

     

    Added Prasanth ‘PK’ Kumar: “We have witnessed a significant consolidation of existing businesses, with deeper penetration of our new core offerings under their tutelage. Both have been instrumental in strengthening and reinvigorating the agency as it stands today. I have the utmost confidence in their expertise and know that both Maps and Amin will continue to drive innovation and further transformations in their future roles. I wish them the very best!”

     

  • R-Day Holiday tom. See you Thursday

    By Our Staff

     

    It’s Republic Day tomorrow, January 26, and our offices will be closed. Hence there will be no scheduled update and newsletter edition tomorrow.

     

    See you on Thursday, January 27.

    We wish our readers on Republic Day.

     

  • Netflix India announces competition for emerging filmmakers

    By Our Staff

     

    Netflix India has announced Take Ten, a short film workshop and competition that aims to discover and support emerging filmmakers from diverse backgrounds in India. As a part of this, 10 filmmakers will be given an opportunity to attend workshops by the best in the creative industry and then to make a fully funded short film with a $10,000 grant. The films will be showcased on Netflix’s India YouTube channel.

     

    Take Ten is sponsored by the Netflix Fund for Creative Equity, which has dedicated $100 million a year over five years to setting underrepresented communities up for success in the TV and film industries through programs all around the world.

     

    Said Amy Sawitta Lefevre, Head of External Affairs, APAC, Netflix: “We’re excited to launch ‘Take Ten’ in India – a short film workshop and competition that will open up the chance for aspiring filmmakers from anywhere in India to tell their stories. Supported by Netflix’s Fund for Creative Equity, ‘Take Ten’ shows that great stories can come from anywhere and it creates new opportunities for filmmakers to receive training from some of the best in the industry.”

     

    Added film critic, author and Film Companion editor, Anupama Chopra, who is leading the programme: “Take Ten is a celebration of storytelling and originality. The workshop and competition aim to be inclusive and showcase the diverse voices behind and in front of the camera in India,” “I hope Take Ten enables artists across India to find their footing and soar.”

     

  • Toothsi appoints Vishwanath Shetty as VP of brand partnerships

    By Our Staff

     

    Toothsi, a direct-to-consumer dental care platform, has appointed Vishwanath Shetty as its new Vice-President of Brand Partnerships. With more than 15 years of experience in IP / Branded Content Sales across media, advertising and martech, Shetty will lead the newly-formed partnership development team. The team was created to optimise the information flow and develop new initiatives with partners across the marketing and advertising ecosystem.

     

    Said, Dr Arpi Mehta, Co-Founder and CEO, Toothsi: “At Toothsi, we are proud of the long-term value exchange we have developed with our partners. Nurturing these partnerships and integrating new ones is a significant concept of our mission in a fast-evolving technology. Shetty’s strong cross-functional expertise and dynamic leadership style will guide our new partnership development team to even higher levels of excellence in serving our clients.”

     

  • Pepperfry collaborates with Atypical Advantage to encourage inclusivity

    By Our Staff

     

    Pepperfry, the furniture and home products marketplace, has joined hands with Atypical Advantage to celebrate Freedom for All, this Republic Day. Atypical Advantage is India’s largest Inclusive platform that generates livelihood opportunities for persons with disabilities. To encourage a creative outlook and showcasing of unity in Diversity, Pepperfry has invited 10 differently abled artists from 10 cities across India to paint their perspective of freedom using Pepperfry Studio’s facade as their blank canvas.

     

    Commenting on this partnership, Saloni Khosla, Head-Spatial Design, Pepperfry said: “For art to leave a mark, talent is a prerequisite and our partnership with Atypical Advantage is sure to bring about a wind of change in the field of Indian art. With this campaign, we intend to provide the differently abled artists an opportunity to showcase their stellar artwork by adding a touch of colour and vibrancy to our Pepperfry stores across the country. Going forward, we plan to introduce the fine creations of these artists to our consumers by bringing them on-board as our partners.”

     

    Added Vineet Saraiwala, Founder & CEO of Atypical Advantage: “This event with Pepperfry is the celebration of the human adversity and is recognising the abilities of Artists with Disabilities. Art never divides but only unites. we are grateful to Pepperfry for taking this step towards celebrating Disability Art & the story of each Artist with Disability in such a Grand manner.”

     

  • The Push for Nothing

     

     

    By Sanjeev Kotnala

     

    Sanjeev KotnalaFrom time immemorial, couples always wanted nothing to come between them in their intimate moments. Condom is a product with a functional advantage but is perceived to decrease pleasure with its unnatural feel.

     

    A long time back, the category had moved away from the initial promise of prevention of STD and pregnancy protection to pleasure enhancer. And men hated the thought of using a condom more than women also; they anyway believed contraception was a woman lookout.

     

    A study by India Today points out that only 95% of married couples aged 15-49 use condoms. Although 97% of sexually active men are aware of the importance of using a condom. So claim counterclaims and product innovations should be part of the game.

     

    It will be wrong to say that “The basic design for the modern condom was developed a few years before the Wright brothers’ first successful flight. Since then, advances in aeronautics have sent probes to mars, but other than the introduction of latex, the condom is nearly identical to the way it was.”

     

    Manufacturers have worked to enhance the promise of pleasure and break the barrier. You name it, ribbed, Dotted, Thin, Ultra-Thin, Delay and Flavoured, and they have the base covered.

     

     

    The Race To The Thinnest Condom 

    The thinness of the condom is one area where the brands have fought hard.

    No doubt condom manufacturers kept creating products and promising NOTHING between the act and the pleasure. A thin condom is expected to keep the feeling natural. So thin that it may not be felt. International condom brand Trojan launched “ultrasmooth” condom ‘Pure Ecstasy’ with a premium lubricant allowing male and female users to “feel the pleasure, not the condom!”. Feels like NOTHING is there.

    Yet, there was always something.

     

    Durex Thinness Promise.

    One of the most prominent brands, Durex, promised ‘Thin’, ‘Ultra-thin’ and then ‘Invisible’. It added flavours to add to the naughtiness. Unfortunately, mostly seen as guided and governed from the men’s point of view. Yet it did not go the whole mile.

     

    Durex invisible had all the right notes, promising start with ‘Nothing comes in-between us’ and ending it with ‘as if it is not even there’. It was launched as India’s Thinnest condom and a very functional claim that should have settled the score. However, they skewed towards flavours, and it became India’s Thinnest Flavoured condom. The promise ‘Feel the Flavour!’- ignored the thinnest part and thus missed the focus.

     

    Durex Feel Thin was introduced in India; however, it added to confusion and cacophony about the claim of thinness. Durex AIR Ultra-Thin muddied the water. And no one said how thin was the condom to be called ‘Thinnest’.

     

    THERE WAS ALWAYS SOMETHING, If Not NOTHING.

    KamaSutra, the first brand that revolutionaries condom advertising, had the Ultra Thin promoting intimate pleasure and the art of making love.

     

    Manforce with brand ambassador Sunny Leone served Ultra Feel. However, with superlatives out of the communication, they did not go the whole range. Manforce pushed the condom with a claim, ‘So thin, it’s next to Nothing’!

     

    SKORE SCORES WITH NOTHING

    The new commercial for Skore Nothing is bang on the subject. Women endorsement is not new in the category. But, it is all about the naming, promise and execution. It is definitely naughtier within the acceptable boundaries.

    The conversation between friends is a suitable device. The lady claims to feel Nothing to an extent she has to check. The brand on the website claims’ Nothing’ is thinner than human hair but leaves it to experience – not making it part of the communication. Still, no measurement of thinness is provided. However, the line ‘So thin- so that you can feel everything’ goes well with the communication.

     

    This is not the first time Skore played with thinness. Before ‘Nothing’, there was Skore Skin Thin, and it claimed to be thinnest in its class- whatever that means.

    A man may hate to use a condom but will use it if the lady insists. And this commercial with three female friends chatting – sharing experience is an excellent way to present the case.

    One must appreciate the collective efforts of the copywriter, art director, casting agent and production house. The banter between the friends and the expressions is just brilliant. Add to this, the logo  and subtle white packaging, all of them enhance the promise of ‘Nothing’.

     

     

    Nothing Is Not New.

    Durex had the ‘Nothing’ idea but failed to capitalize on it. Extra admiration for the team for the brand name for picking a word that features prominently in competitive brand communication. So, now competition says- Nothing comes between you and her! It might sound as if endorsing Skore Nothing. A Dipper condom equivalent from Tata.

     

    Condom Like Starbucks Coffee

    Now to a slightly unadventurous or non-initiated person, the fun could be choosing the product and trying the range out. Within Skore, there are options galore, Dotted or Ribbed, Flavoured or Coloured, Climax delay or sensation or choice by thinness. There are Options from Cool Watermelon, Belgium Chocolate, Pinacolato, Orange, Dots, Banana, Cherry, Strawberry, Chocolate. Much more variety than flavours offered by some of the ice cream brands.

     

     

    Just For The Click 

    TRIVIA I. Apparently, the thinnest condom is by a Chinese brand -AONI – Ultra-thin 001 condom. It holds the Gunnies Record for being the world thinnest condom at 0.036 mm thick, almost half thick as a Human hair. Still Something.

    TRIVIA -II. In 2013. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation offered a $100,000 grant to anyone who can develop what’s being called the next generation of the condom. A condom that significantly preserves or enhances pleasure to improve the uptake and regular use. This could mean safe, new materials to “preserve or enhance sensation.” And even ease of use. Of the 812 entries, 11 got the grand grant to realize their product.

     

  • Covid Second Wave notwithstanding, AdEx zooms 37% last year, notes Pitch Madison Report 2022

    By Our Staff

     

    AdEx in 2021 grew to Rs 74,231 crore, having grown at 37%, despite the Covid Second Wave which for the second year adversely impact the economy and AdEx for the three months of May, June and July, notes a teaser from the Pitch Madison Advertising Report 2022. Contrary to its own forecast of 26% growth in February 2021, which meant AdEx in 2021 would not even reach 2019 levels, AdEx has comfortably surpassed 2019 figures by 10%.

     

    In a departure from convention, the Pitch Madison Advertising Report 2022 released flash figures of AdEx estimates only for 2021. An exhaustive report giving medium wise figures, forecast for 2022 and commentary will be released three weeks later – February 16, 2022, to be precise.

     

    The flash report estimates that total AdEx has not registered a 37% increase in the last two decades for which figures are available. The closest it has registered was a growth rate of 22.9% in 2007. For context in 2020, Adex had degrown 20% over 2019.

     

    Said Sam Balsara, Chairman – Madison World, “The two Covid years of 2020 and 2021 have altered the structure of AdEx, but Indian AdEx has shown that it is resilient and contrary to expectation surpassed 2019 AdEx levels. Whilst the Covid First Wave had a disastrous impact on AdEx, India Inc has taken the more deadly Covid Second Wave in its stride and despite a setback of four months has not only recovered during the year itself but also comfortably surpassed 2019 levels.”

     

  • Das ka Dum with Dr Bhaskar Das | If digital – mobile phone specifically – is what new India embraces, including the hinterland, why do the normally ears-to-the-ground political parties spend tens of crores on newspapers?

    Bhaskar DasWe love to provoke him, and he loves to take us on. But at the end of it all, we laugh out loud. Hmm. So here’s Dr Bhaskar Das’s response in our January 27 edition of Das ka Dum. Read on..

     

    If you wish to access the archives, please go to the Das Ka Dum tab on the website’s top navigation bar.

     

    Q. If digital – mobile phone specifically – is what new India embraces, including the hinterland, why do the normally ears-to-the-ground political parties spend tens of crores on newspapers

     

    A. In this question indicates a legacy mindset is still at work. And we are already in the midst of such an empirical scenario now. For example, the Election Commission has imposed restrictions on public rallies for campaigns and parties have no choice but to opt for adopting digital routes. Now while digital adoption by parties can democratise campaigning, a majority of the politicians may need some time before they get acclematised to the new grammar. It is no longer a one-way speech from a stage but it can be more personalised. Releasing advertisements in the mass media has its benefits for reaching a mass of voters in one go (notwithstanding some wastage). So it’s not [either-or’ but ‘and’ in the current level of maturity of the political communication process. So, a unidimensional  conclusion , as mentioned by you,  may not be appropriate.

     

  • Netagiri with Netaji!

     

    By Avik Chattopadhyay

     

    Avik ChattopadhyayOn his 125th birth anniversary Netaji has become a ‘holographic projection’. Very soon that will be replaced by a magnificent statue in granite, as our respected PM emphasised on, for the nation and the world to marvel at.

     

    Every time we erect a statue of a national leader in the national capital, we lock him or her up into the vaults of time, almost like being cursed to turn into stone as the mythological character Ahalya! That is the most convenient way of showing respect.

     

    Bose has always been a character too rebellious and unconventional to be put into a box. The myth around his ‘end’ and the facts around his aura have prompted every political party to appropriate him, ending in failure. I had written about the same last year on 23rd January.

     

    Is Brand Bose Too Hot To Handle?! « MxMIndia

     

    Last year it was all about the elections in West Bengal. Round 1 went to the state.

     

    This year was pay-back time. The centre was waiting for the right time to pounce. It came with the state wanting to make its Republic Day tableau on Netaji. No way said the jury that decides which tableaus to accept. The CPWD had already submitted the same proposal. No point having too much of Bose. The state erupted shouting “controversy” and “disrespect to Bengal’s son” and so on. The centre swung into action. The Republic Day celebrations would start henceforth from the 23rd of January every year. And the big one was the statue in the heart of the capital. That was the ace. But how would one come up in a few days? A holographic projection, for Bose’s sake!

     

    Netaji has been appropriated! Or at least that is being projected [pardon the pun]. Round 2 to the centre.

     

    And then the icing on the cake of nationalism came with the CPWD tableau at the Republic Day parade on 26th January dedicated to Netaji. I have taken grabs from the recording of the same rolling past. The last portion of the tableau showing INA soldiers holding up the flag is a straight copy of the iconic Iwo Jima photograph. Talk about originality and respect!

     

     

    Screen grabs of the CPWD tableau on 26.01.2022 – the rear portion depicting the INA soldiers holding up the Indian flag

     

     

    The original photograph from the battle of Iwo Jima, Japan, 1945 and the US postage stamp

     

     

    Brand Bose has always been too unpredictable. His narrative has been too dynamic to get a firm grasp on and spin stories for one’s individual benefit. The man was rediscovering himself with every step and move he made right from becoming an able student of Chittaranjan Das to being the mayor of Calcutta to the president of the Indian National Congress and finally in his role as Netaji.

     

    His writings either in the form of letters to his siblings and friends or as articles show that this was an extremely restless mind. Nothing was taboo for him while nothing was sacrosanct either. He admired the Bolshevik Revolution but had serious reservations on the model of Communism put in place. He supported socialism but not at the cost of nationalism, one of the key points of dialectic conflict with Nehru. He believed in the forming of a constitution but after the ‘revolution’ and not before it, being a point of strategic conflict with the man he first called the ‘Father of the Nation’. He followed the tenets of Vedanta but despised the growing tentacles of fundamental Hindutva. He believed equally in silent protests as much as in violent struggles. He had solid differences of opinion with Gandhi and Nehru but respected their points of view and commitment to the cause. Just as Ramakrishna had said, “Joto mot…toto poth” [The paths are as numerous as the beliefs, but the goal is the same.], Bose believed that every type of strategy had to be applied to make the colonialist capitulate, hence all of them working in tandem were acceptable and supported by him.

     

    There were only two principles on which he had a single line of thought with no deviations, distractions, and interventions.

     

    First was that ‘Swaraj’ had to be “poorna” or complete with no half measures. “Freedom is not given, it is taken” were his famous words. Negotiations with the colonialist had to be for complete independence and not incremental and provisional steps. Che Guevara, a few decades later, was the perfect successor of Bose’s belief in perpetual revolution. Yet, when the Andaman & Nicobar Islands were occupied by INA and the Japanese, he declared a ‘provisional’ government and not a government-in-exile.

     

    Left: Pic of Netaji with INA and Japanese officials at Port Blair after declaring Arzi Hukumat-e Azad Hind or the Provisional Government of Free India – note the India flag with the Congress’ ‘charkha’!

    Middle: A Japanese manga [graphic novel] on Bose against Churchill using the India flag – published in Manga Mainichi in 1945 – note the charkha on the flag.

    Right: Asia Graph magazine, owned by Asahi Shimbun, with Bose on the cover – his popularity in Japan was far and wide.

     

    Second was that there was no room for religious fundamentalism or state support in a Free India. in his “Free Indian and Her Problems” published in 1942, he states that the ‘Muslim Problem’ was a creation of the British and a free India cannot have any state religion. Always a rationalist, in “The Indian Struggle” written in 1938, he believes in the Aryan migration theory, admires the Harappan civilization for its uniqueness and eulogises the positive impact of the Mughal period on the India he had inherited.

     

    These are the terribly uncomfortable aspects of Brand Bose that no ‘Netagiri’ can grapple with. When a certain group called ‘Itihasa Sankalana Samithi’ created a series of posts on Netaji with Savarkar, to imply the former’s closeness towards the latter, they forgot that Bose was as much a target of right-wing Hindutva as were Gandhi and the rest of the Congress. The cartoon below, published in Dainik Agrani in 1944 published by the Hindu Mahasabha gives it away.

     

     

    Cartoon in Hindu Mahasabha publication Dainik Agrani in 1944, edited by Nathuram Godse. Bose very much part of the 10 heads of Ravana to be destroyed by Veer Savarkar and Syama Prasad Mukherjee!

     

     

    Though Bose had broken away from the Congress five years ago and was now Netaji with his Azad Hind Fauj, he was still a ‘LeLi’ to use today’s terminology!

     

    In 2008-09 I had made an unsuccessful attempt to restore the Wanderer W124 in which Sisir Bose drove his uncle to Gomoh station from where Bose took an arduous journey on to Germany. In the due course of that effort, I interacted with a couple of people who had set upon the ‘mission’ to dig out the truth about Netaji’s death. I enquired as to why not work to keep his legacy alive rather than bother with whether he died in the air-crash and whether Gumnami Baba was him. I realised that like most of the nation, they too were obsessed more with Netaji’s death than with his life! That led me to create this social media post way back in 2010.

     

    Children wear Netaji uniforms.

    Adults wear Netaji caps!

    Legends make Netaji holograms!!

     

    Brand Bose will always be too hot to handle!

  • Q4 2021 records highest ad volumes with a bumper festive spike: BARC

    By Our Staff

     

    According to the BARC Think Report of December 2021, Q4 2021 recorded highest ad bolumes for a quarter since 2019 with a bumper festive spike.  2021 also recorded 22% growth in Ad Volumes over 2020 and 18% over 2019. 4000+ brands advertised on television in December 2021. Ad Volumes in December 2021 recorded 155 mn seconds on Television.

     

    Said Aaditya Pathak, Head – Client Partnership & Revenue Function, BARC India, reflecting on the last quarter: “Post a rollercoaster ride in 2020 on account of the pandemic and lockdown, 2021 was a strong positive year for the broadcast industry. We witnessed increased attention from marketers towards television, across languages, while welcoming new brands to the medium throughout the year. Ad Volumes for digital native and e-commerce brands indicate that marketers continued to bet on television to establish stronger relationships and effective communication with their consumers. With a total of 155 million seconds of advertising volumes in December 2021, we can say with optimism that the broadcast industry ended 2021 on an encouraging note.”

     

    December 2021 Highlights

    > December 2021 recorded a total of 155 mn seconds of Ad Volumes, 25% higher than December 2019

    > Of 2524 advertisers and 4104 brands, there were 19% new advertisers and brands on TV in December 2021

    > Ecommerce, BFSI, Retail and Textiles sectors independently registered over 40% growth each when compared to December 2019

    > Ad Volumes for Corporate/Brand Image category surged by 42% over December 2020

    > Ad Volumes on Hindi language channels continued to grow consistently with 15% and 22% growth over December 2020 and 2019 respectively

    > Ad Volumes for English language channels recovered with a 15% growth over December 2020

    > Ad Volumes for Bhojpuri language channels witnessed highest growth with 120% over December 2019 while Punjabi increased by 83% over December 2019

    > Oriya and Assamese Ad Volumes also recorded an impressive 50% growth over December 2019, while Marathi channels Ad Volumes grew by 47% as compared to December 2019

    > Advertisers beyond the Top 50 enhanced their presence on TV with 30% and 26% growth over December 2020 and 2019 respectively

     

    Q4 2021 Highlights

    > Q4 2021 showcased stronger growth than Q4 2020 and Q4 2019

    > Q4 2021 recorded 489 mn seconds of Ad Volumes, registering 27% growth over Q4 2019 and 6% over Q4 2020

    > Brands across BFSI, Ecommerce, Corporate/Brand Image and Personal Accessories categories led this growth in Q4 2021 over Q4 2019

    > Ad Volumes on South language channels i.e. Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada – registered 25% growth in Q4 2021 over Q4 2019

  • Shruti Pushkarna: Building a Case for Access in an Exceedingly Digital World

    Shruti PushkarnaBy Shruti Pushkarna

     

    ‘Accessibility’ and ‘Inclusion’ are the two intrinsic terms in the disability space. Prime Minister Narendra Modi popularized these with the launch of ‘Accessible India’ or ‘Sugamya Bharat’ in December 2015. It’s a pity that the implementing agencies have missed the several deadlines to make the physical and digital world accessible for all citizens.

     

    The media is an important stakeholder and influencer when it comes to advocating for an attitudinal as well as on-ground change. And the media is constituted by people like you and me. It’s important that we get the basics right, and understand how the lack of access can impact a person with disability in different aspects of daily living.

     

    I spoke to a visually impaired lawyer who currently works as a Senior Resident Fellow with the Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy. Rahul Bajaj was born with an eye condition called Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA), which is characterised by malfunctioning retina. Despite all the challenges, Rahul acquired a law degree from the University of Nagpur, bagged the Rhodes scholarship and pursue his postgraduation at Oxford. Before joining Vidhi, he also worked with a Supreme Court judge.

     

    Question: What does accessibility mean?

    Answer: Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) access technology in a different way compared to their able-bodied counterparts. For instance, someone who can see, can read out from looking at the screen. But a blind person accesses text on the computer screen by using screen reading software. The software converts text into speech, speaking out all that is there on the screen. Unfortunately, not all platforms are designed to be used in that (accessible) way, not all websites can be read by the screen reader. Accessibility is just making sure that websites and apps are disabled friendly.

     

    Question: Accessibility means different things for people with different types of disabilities. You are talking about audio being an essential cue for a person with vision impairment. Obviously, that is not relevant to the Deaf. Can you cite some examples from your daily life that have been solved by technology?

    Answer: Let’s start with the basics. I wake up in the morning, I want to check what the time is. I want to check my appointments for the day. I have an iPhone, without which I would have to write these in a diary, or print, both of which are not accessible to a blind person. But the screen reader on my iPhone reads out those details to me easily. Once I sit down to work, I have to read a document that my junior has prepared, and give them my feedback. If they brought it to me in print, I won’t be able to give proper feedback, perhaps something just verbally. But because I have technology access, I can use track changes and comments.

     

    Question: Now can you share three such examples where technology exists as a solution and yet you encounter accessibility challenges.

    Answer: I need to read a government report in order to figure out what recommendation they have made on a particular point, in order to implement that through appropriate legislation. Now this report is an image-based PDF which means, the whole PDF comes up as an image. It’s not text-based searchable PDF. So, when I open Adobe Reader with my screen reader, it says empty document. Then I have to use what is called Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology to be able to extract text from that document and then read it. Then also it’s about 80% accurate, so I have to get someone’s help to figure out the remaining 20%. And every word matters in the legal profession. Let’s say I want to conduct some legal research on a certain point. If the website is not laid out properly for the screen reader user, (with images and buttons properly labeled) then I can’t do it myself. A third example would be, if I want to watch the India-South Africa one day match. People watch it on the Hotstar app but for me it is inaccessible because of the bad design. So even though there is technology, the lack of accessibility shuts me out from that service.

     

    Question: Can you give us a brief overview of how a blind person accesses his or her smartphone?

    Answer: They do that using a screen reader. So nowadays, a lot of smartphones come with built in screen reading technology. The iPhone comes with something called VoiceOver. An Android phone comes with something called Talkback. And these software applications speak out the content on the screen. So, for instance, if I am an iPhone user, and I want to open a WhatsApp message, I will be able to go from one icon to the other by tapping on different places on the screen, and it will tell me what is under my finger. Now when it tells me that WhatsApp is under my finger, then I’ll double tap it, where it opens the app, and then the messages open up. Basically, instead of tapping anything once, which is what a sighted person does, I would have to tap it twice. Once just to know what is under my finger and twice to activate that icon. And then similarly, for all other things, the gestures are a little different. Your experience of interacting with the screen is mediated by a screen reader.

     

    Question: Has Covid made the accessibility barrier even more prominent?

    Answer: Yes and no. Yes, because it is true that we have become more reliant on technology. And therefore, it’s important now more than ever, that platforms be accessible to the disabled for doing all kinds of things, which we were traditionally not doing using technology. From attending meetings, to classes, to homework, to exams, to dating, to watching movies. But, on the other hand, in some sense, also, no, because it’s not like the physical world was very accessible to us to begin with. I would say that perhaps technology enabled access to the world has actually made things a little bit better. For instance, now when I go to a restaurant, I can access the menu using the QR code functionality, which wasn’t designed with accessibility in mind. But it was designed for people not to be exposed to a physical menu. What is to other people just an inconvenience or an annoyance, to me, it makes that menu which was until now inaccessible, more accessible.

    How can individuals, companies, government and the media ensure accessibility on their offerings? What does it mean when we say XYZ app or website is inaccessible? Does it involve a huge cost in terms of human resource and money to design inclusive products and services? What happens if service providers don’t comply?

     

    Next fortnight, we will get into the specifics of web accessibility guidelines, legal implications, and a new initiative against some of the most commonly used mobile apps and websites. The list includes banking, finance, delivery, dating, health, news, entertainment and so on.

     

    Shruti Pushkarna is a former journalist who now works as a programmes and media specialist for the inclusion of persons with disabilities. Shruti writes for MxMIndia every other Thursday. Her views here are personal. She can be reached via Twitter at @shrutipushkarna